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| Members of Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal pose for an official picture after the signing agreement ceremony in Santiago |
Eleven countries including Japan and Canada signed a landmark Asia-Pacific trade agreement without the United States on Thursday in what one minister called a powerful signal against protectionism and trade wars.
In Washington, US President Donald Trump vowed to press ahead with a plan to impose tariffs on steel and aluminum imports, a move that other nations and the International Monetary Fund said could start a global trade war.
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) will reduce tariffs in countries that together amount to more than 13 per cent of the global economy โ a total of $10 trillion in gross domestic product. With the United States, it would have represented 40 percent.
Heraldo Munoz, Chileโs minister of foreign affairs, said the agreement was a strong signal โagainst protectionist pressures, in favour of a world open to trade, without unilateral sanctions and without the threat of trade wars.โ
โWe will be giving a very powerful signal,โ he said at a news conference after giving a joint statement with trade ministers from Canada and New Zealand.
Even without the United States, the deal will span a market of nearly 500 million people, making it one of the worldโs largest trade agreements, according to Chilean and Canadian tradestatistics.
The original 12-member agreement, known as the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), was thrown into limbo early last year when Trump withdrew from the deal three days after his inauguration. He said the move was aimed at protecting US jobs.
โTHE WAY FORWARDโ
The 11 remaining nations finalized a revised trade pact in January. That agreement will become effective when at least six member nations have completed domestic procedures to ratify it.
The revised agreement eliminates some requirements of the original TPP demanded by US negotiators, including rules to ramp up intellectual property protection of pharmaceuticals. Governments and activists of other member nations worry the changes will raise the costs of medicine.
The final version of the agreement was released in New Zealand on Feb. 21. The member countries are Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore and Vietnam.
โWeโre proud โฆ to show the world that progressive trade is the way forward, that fair, balanced, and principled trade is the way forward, and that putting citizens first is the way forward for the world when it comes to trade,โ Canadian Trade Minister Francois-Phillippe Champagne said.
In January, Trump, who also has threatened to pull the United States out of the North American Free Trade Agreement, told the World Economic Forum in Switzerland that it was possible Washington might return to the TPP pact if it got a better deal. However, New Zealandโs trademinister said that was unlikely in the near term, while Japan has said altering the agreement now would be very difficult.
On Thursday, Trump vowed to impose a 25 per cent tariff on steel imports and 10 percent tariff on aluminum imports, although he said he was willing to strike a deal that could exempt Nafta partners Mexico and Canada.
Trump announced the planned tariffs last week, rattling financial markets.
Mexicoโs Economy Minister Ildefonso Guajardo, in Santiago for the TPP signing, told Reuters he would not allow the United States to use the tariffs to pressure it in ongoing Nafta talks. Champagne told Reuters that Canada would not accept duties or quotas from the United States.
