eventual outcome of a peace deal being negotiated between his government
and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) rebels.
“The
conflict in Colombia with FARC, it [has been going on for] more or less
55 years,” the ambassador said in an exclusive interview with the
Hürriyet Daily News.
Expressing strong hope that a peace deal
would be signed between July 20 and Aug. 7, Ambassador Juan Alfredo
Pinto also acknowledged that such a signing would be a “noteworthy
coincidence if it happens because it would coincide with the time period
between the two official national holidays of their country.”
In Colombia, July 20 is celebrated as Independence Day, while Aug. 7 is celebrated as the Battle of Boyacá Day.
Peace
talks between the government and FARC have made significant progress
since 2015. The two sides announced that an agreement had been reached
on transitional justice and that a peace deal would be signed in 2016.
The agreement appeared to fall short of international law standards on
victims’ right to truth, justice and reparation, according to Amnesty
International (AI).
By Dec. 1, 2015, AI’s Victims’ Unit had
registered 7.8 million victims of the conflict, including almost 6.6
million victims of forced displacement, more than 45,000 enforced
disappearances and around 263,000 conflict-related killings. The vast
majority of the victims were civilians.
Pinto expressed
conviction that a smaller insurgency group, the National Liberation Army
(ELN), which was more ideological than FARC, was the most important
group to deal with. Pinto said the group could number about 800 people.
“Now,
we are optimistic. But we know that the signing [of] the peace [deal]
in Colombia is not the beginning but it is a point of arrival,” Pinto
said, remarking that they had to “organize a transition of justice.”
The
ambassador said their government was “preparing to accept the
participation of [FARC/ELN] militias and are preparing to accept [their]
participation in politics in the parliament of Colombia.”
“We are ready. We are not afraid. Colombia is the eldest democracy in the America continent. Colombia is the only one country in Latin America that had 206 years of independence without any interruption of the constitutional order. The democracy is in our DNA,” he said.
“The
civil conflict in Colombia is an example for many countries that need
to understand that at the end of the day a political solution is the
only real solution to the conflicts of nations,” he said.
FARC
and the ELN were founded in the 1960s in the wake of a decade of
political violence in Colombia known as la Violencia (1948–58). Excluded
from a power-sharing agreement that ended the fighting, communist
guerrillas took up arms against the government. FARC was composed of
militant communists and peasant self-defense groups, while the ELN’s
ranks were dominated by students, Catholic radicals and left-wing
intellectuals who hoped to replicate Fidel Castro’s communist revolution
in Cuba. The U.S. State Department has designated both groups as
foreign terrorist organizations.
The peace deal being negotiated
with FARC rebels will ultimately be determined by a referendum
previously mooted by the Colombian government, the official leading
negotiations with the insurgents said July 11.
“If the public
says ‘No,’ the process stops and there will be no result,” Humberto de
la Calle said in an interview with El Tiempo newspaper.
That would also mean “that we would have lost four years of our lives,” he said.
