Money laundering according to the Act is when any person in or outside Nigeria directly or indirectly conceals or disguises the origin of; converts or transfers; removes from the jurisdiction; acquires, uses, retains or takes possession or control of; any fund or property, knowingly or which he/she should reasonably have known that such fund or property is, or forms part of the proceeds of an unlawful act.
The Money Laundering (Prohibition) Act 2011 makes it illegal for any individual to accept or make any cash payment that exceeds N5m (Five Million Naira). This means that every cash transaction over N5m must be done via a financial institution. *Section 1*
Any person found guilty of contravening this is liable to imprisonment for a term of not less than 3 years or a fine of N10m (Ten Million Naira) or to both.
The Money Laundering (Prohibition) Act 2011 states that any individual, who is transporting cash or negotiable instruments in excess of US$10,000, or its equivalent must be declared to the Nigerian Customs Service.
Non-declaration of the funds or false declaration is an offence that is punished upon conviction by the individual forfeiting the funds in question, or to imprisonment of not less than 2 years or to both. *Section 2*
The Act also provides that financial institutions and designated non-financial institutions are obliged to report to the EFCC any single transaction, lodgement or transfer of funds in excess of N5m (Five Million Naira) within 7 days. *Section 2*
The Act makes it illegal for individuals to carry out money laundering activities on behalf of another person, when he/she knows or suspects that the other person is engaged in or has benefited from criminal conduct, and such an act is liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not less than 5 years or to a fine equivalent to 5 times the value of the proceeds of the criminal conduct or both such imprisonment and fine. * Section 17*
The Money Laundering (Prohibition) Act further makes it a crime to conspire, aid, abet, incite, procure, induce or counsel any other person to commit a Money Laundering offence, commits an offence and is liable on conviction to the same punishment as is prescribed for that offence under this Act. *Section 18*