| Hundreds of Rohingya refugees shout slogans as they protest against their repatriation at the Unchiprang camp in Teknaf, Bangladesh |
The head of Bangladesh’s refugee commission has said plans to start the repatriation of 700,000 Rohingya Muslims to Burma were scrapped after officials were unable to find anyone who wanted to return.
The refugees “are not willing to go back now”, refugee commissioner Abul Kalam said on Thursday, adding that officials “can’t force them to go” but will continue to try to “motivate them so it happens”.
The announcement came after about 1,000 Rohingya demonstrated against returning to Burma, from where hundreds of thousands fled army-led violence last year.
At the Unchiprang camp, one of the sprawling refugee settlements near the city of Cox’s Bazar, another Bangladeshi refugee official implored the Rohingya to return to their country over a loudspeaker.
“We have arranged everything for you, we have six buses here, we have trucks, we have food. We want to offer everything to you. If you agree to go, we’ll take you to the border, to the transit camp,” he said.
“We won’t go!” hundreds of voices, including children’s, chanted in reply.
Bangladesh authorities had attempted to begin the repatriation of the Rohingya, despite calls from United Nations officials and human rights groups to hold off.
According to a UN-brokered deal with Bangladesh and Burma, the Rohingya cannot be forced to repatriate.
The countries had planned to send an initial group of 2,251 back from mid-November at a rate of 150 per day.
The huge exodus of Rohingya began in August last year after Burmese security forces launched a brutal crackdown following attacks by an insurgent group on guard posts.
The scale, organisation and ferocity of the operation led to accusations from the international community, including the UN, of ethnic cleansing and genocide.
Most people in Buddhist-majority Burma do not accept that the Rohingya Muslims are a native ethnic group, viewing them as “Bengalis” who entered illegally from Bangladesh, even though generations of Rohingya have lived in Burma.
Nearly all have been denied citizenship since 1982, as well as access to education and hospitals.
Despite assurances from Burma, human rights activists said the conditions were not yet safe for Rohingya refugees to go back.
“Nothing the Burma government has said or done suggests that the Rohingya will be safe upon return,” Human Rights Watch refugee rights director Bill Frelick said in a statement.
The group said 150 people from 30 families were to be transferred to a transit camp on Thursday, but the camp was empty except for security guards.
Bangladesh authorities have said they’ve worked with the UN refugee agency to compile lists of people willing to return to Burma.
At the Jamtoli refugee camp, 25-year-old Setara said she and her two children, age four and seven, were on a repatriation list, but her parents were not.
She said she had never asked to return to Burma, and that she had sent her children to a school run by aid workers Thursday morning as usual.
“They killed my husband; now I live here with my parents,” said Setara, who only gave one name.
“I don’t want to go back.”
She said that other refugees whose names have appeared on the Bangladesh government’s repatriation list had fled to other camps, hoping to disappear amid the crowded lanes of refugees, aid workers and Bangladeshi soldiers.
Negotiations for repatriation have been continuing for months, but plans last January to begin sending refugees back to Burma’s Rakhine state were called off amid concerns among aid workers and Rohingya that their return would be met with violence.
Foreign leaders, including US Vice President Mike Pence, have criticised Burma’s Nobel Peace Prize-winning leader Aung San Suu Kyi this week on the sidelines of a summit of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Singapore for her handling of the Rohingya crisis.
But on Thursday, Mr Pence said US officials were “encouraged to hear that” the repatriation process would begin.