| Mattis testifies before a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on his nomination to serve as defense secretary in Washington |
Donald Trump’s pick to lead the Pentagon put Russia at the top of a list of threats to US interests and told Congress on Thursday that America must be ready to confront it where necessary, even as he backed Trump’s bid to engage with Moscow.
Retired Marine General James Mattis said Russia, China and Islamist militants were presenting the biggest challenge to the US-led world order since World War Two, and called for Congress to lift spending caps undermining military readiness.
His remarks to the Senate Armed Services Committee appeared set to clinch the panel’s backing for his nomination, as Russia-wary lawmakers hope he might temper Trump’s stated desire to partner with Moscow.
“I’m all for engagement but we also have to recognise reality in what Russia is up to,” Mattis said, adding there were a “decreasing number of areas” where the United States might cooperate with Moscow.
Asked about the main threats to US interests, Mattis said: “I would consider the principle threats to start with Russia.”
Due to enter the White House in eight days, Trump on Wednesday acknowledged that Russia likely hacked the Democratic National Committee and emails of top Democrats during the 2016 presidential election campaign, a conclusion reached by US spy agencies.
Mattis cited Russian involvement in hacking and information warfare among the challenges posed by Moscow. Others include treaty violations, using tactics short of open war to destabilise other countries and “alarming messages from Moscow regarding the use of nuclear weapons.”
Mattis said Russian President Vladimir Putin was trying to undermine Nato. Mattis had talked about the importance of the Western military alliance with Trump who was open to the discussion, the retired general said.
Senator John McCain, the Republican chairman of the committee, said he “could not be happier” about Mattis’ nomination. He warned sternly against optimism about engaging with Putin.
“Putin wants to be our enemy. He needs us as his enemy. He will never be our partner,” McCain exclaimed.
Mattis also singled out China for its activities in the South China Sea, where it has been building man-made islands with anti-aircraft and anti-missile batteries.
Together with Russian activities and the threats of Islamist extremists, Mattis said China was part of mounting assault on global stability, and the relationship with Beijing needed to be carefully managed.
“I think it (the world order) is under the biggest attack since World War Two, sir, and that is from Russia, from terrorist groups, and with what China is doing in the South China Sea,” he said, as he railed against defence spending caps imposed by Congress.
WAIVER NEEDED
Mattis, who retired from the military in 2013, is technically ineligible for the job since he has not been a civilian for at least seven years. That means Congress would need to grant him a waiver, something it has not done since 1950, but appears inclined to do now.
In his opening statement, Mattis said he can lead the military as a civilian, even after a 44-year military career.
“I recognize my potential civilian role differs in essence and in substance from my former role in uniform,” Mattis said.
Mark Cancian, a senior adviser at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, said he expected bipartisan support for Mattis would help him overcome that hurdle.
“The other thing he has going for him is that he may be a restraint on some of Trump’s more extreme impulses,” Cancian said. “The concern that people would have is OK, you vote down Mattis, who do you get?”
Mattis said the US. strategy to retake the Islamic State militant group’s de facto capital in the Syrian city of Raqqa would to be reviewed and potentially re-energised.
Mattis was also critical of Iran’s influence in Iraq, Syria, and Yemen.
“Iranian malign influence in the region is growing. Iran is the biggest destabilising force in the Middle East and its policies are contrary to our interests,” Mattis said in his written responses.
Officials who knew him before he retired in 2013 said Mattis clashed with top Obama administration officials when he headed the military’s Central Command over his desire to better prepare for potential threats from Tehran.
On Iraq, where a U.S.-led coalition is backing Iraqi troops battling Islamic State, Mattis said the main goal should be to ensure “that it does not become a rump state of the regime in Tehran.”
Mattis, 66, has tried to persuade Trump privately against the use of waterboarding, which simulates drowning, as an interrogation tactic. Top U.S. officials, many lawmakers and human rights groups have denounced waterboarding as torture.