A crackdown on the military and the judiciary in the wake of a failed
coup attempt has led to the detention of thousands of soldiers and
judges and prosecutors, including commanders and top court members.
Justice
Minister Bekir Bozdağ on July 17 said around 6,000 suspects, including
at least 2,839 soldiers and thousands of judiciary members, have been
detained as part of a wide-scale operation launched following the deadly
coup attempt initiated by a group of soldiers late on July 15.
“There are currently around 6,000 detentions. It will surpass 6,000. The legal process on these will continue,” said Bozdağ.
Suspects
are being charged with “membership of an armed terrorist organization”
and “attempting to overthrow the government of the Turkish Republic
using force and violence or attempting to completely or partially hinder
its function.”
The Ankara
Governor’s Office also announced on July 17 that 149 constables were
suspended from their duties for having links to the coup attempt.
The
terrorist organization is allegedly led by the U.S.-based Islamic
scholar Fethullah Gülen, a friend turned foe of the Turkish government.
The
arrest warrants target two members of the Constitutional Court,
Alparslan Altan and Erdal Tercan, 48 members of the Council of State,
and 140 members of the Supreme Court of Appeals.
The detention of
2,745 judicial and administrative judges and prosecutors was ordered
after they were suspended from duty by the Supreme Council of Judges and
Prosecutors (HSYK) early on June 16.
Many commanders have also been detained and some of them were later arrested.
Among
the most significant names detained was the chief military assistant to
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Col. Ali Yazıcı; the commander
of the 2nd Army, Gen. Adem Huduti; the executive officer and Malatya
Garrison Commander Avni Angun; and the commander of the 3rd Army, Gen.
Erdal Öztürk.
Air Forces Commander Akın Öztürk was also detained
on suspicion of masterminding the coup attempt, according to multiple
reports.
In addition, Adana İncirlik 10th Adana Tanker Base Commander Gen. Bekir Ercan was among those detained.
The jets that hit Ankara
were reportedly supported by Turkish tanker aircrafts based at the
İncirlik Air Base, which is also being used by the U.S.-led coalition in
the fight against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).
Police
also detained eight Air Force generals suspected of being appointed to
the top “coup command posts” if the failed attempt had succeeded, at
Istanbul’s Sabiha Gökçen Airport late on July 16.
In the Aegean
province of İzmir, Aegean Army Deputy Commander Brig. Mamduh Hakbilken
and Foça Marine Amphibious Force Brigadier Commander Commodore Halil
İbrahim Yıldız were among those detained.
Meanwhile operations
in Turkey’s eastern and southeastern provinces also took place, with
Brig. Arif Seddar Afşar in Bitlis, Brig. Yunus Kotaman in Bingöl, Brig.
Abdülkerim Ünlü in Tunceli, Brig. Ahmet Şimşek in Siirt, and Maj. Gen.
Halil İbrahim Ergin in Hakkari all being detained.
On July 17,
meanwhile, an operation was carried out on the Istanbul Gendarmerie
Commandership, with police searching Istanbul Provincial Gendarmerie
Commander Staff Col. Gürcan Sercan’s office.
Several other provincial gendarmerie commanders were also detained as part of the operations throughout Turkey.
Eight
generals, namely Brig. İrfan Can, Maj. Gen. İmdat Bahri Biber, Maj.
Gen. Fethi Alpay, Maj. Gen. Haluk Sahar, Maj. Gen. Mehmet Özlü, Brig.
Ahmet Biçer, Maj. Gen. Şaban Umut and Maj. Gen. Serdar Gülbaş were
detained.
Meanwhile, the general assembly of the HSYK decided to
end the membership of five of its judges who were facing detention
demands from the Ankara Chief Prosecutor’s Office, while it also cut short the vacations of some other judges and prosecutors.
The
Bakırköy Prosecutor’s Office in Istanbul ordered the detention, in line
with the HSYK’s demand, of some 140 judges and prosecutors on duty at
the Bakırköy, Küçükçekmece and district administrative courts early on
July 17.
At least 290 people were killed and thousands of others were wounded in the coup attempt.
People
took to the streets throughout Turkey on the evening of July 15 with
shots being heard inside the General Staff headquarters in Ankara and a helicopter firing at people on the ground.
While
a group of soldiers then took control of state broadcaster TRT and the
General Staff headquarters in Ankara, troops and tanks blocked the
Bosphorus and Fatih Sultan Mehmet bridges linking Asia and Europe in Istanbul.
An
explosion was heard at the police special operations center in Gölbaşı,
south of Ankara, shortly after Yıldırım announced that an “attempt to
stage a coup” was happening during a live TV broadcast.
Chief
of General Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar was held hostage by pro-coup soldiers
until he was rescued on June 16. The coup attempt was confirmed
nation-wide when the TRT building was raided by a group of soldiers and a
news anchor was forced to read a declaration from the coup leaders, who
had named themselves the “Peace at Home Committee,” claiming to have
taken control of the country.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
later addressed the country on CNN Türk via a mobile telephone, urging
people to “take to the streets” to resist the coup and defend democracy.
After the president’s call thousands of people headed to Istanbul’s
bridges and Atatürk
Airport, as well as Taksim Square, to stage demonstrations against the
coup attempt. There were major incidents in which crowds of civilians
and police officers had violent encounters with pro-coup soldiers.
As
protesters poured onto the streets, troops opened fire on people
gathered near one of the bridges, killing five. Soldiers also shot at
protesters angrily denouncing the coup bid at Istanbul’s iconic Taksim
Square, injuring several.
While the first investigation into the coup was launched by a prosecutor in Istanbul, the Ankara
police headquarters was attacked by jets and helicopters and the
Gölbaşı police special forces department headquarters was bombed by a
pro-coup aircraft, killing 17 police officers and two personnel from
satellite operator Turksat. The events were followed by a total of 13
soldiers, including three senior officers, being held while attempting
to enter the Presidential Palace in Ankara. Shortly after, the Turkish
parliament was targeted by jets and helicopters in an attack by the
pro-coup soldiers and more than 10 are injured in the bombing.
The
coup operations of the soldiers had begun to reach an end when some of
its forces at the General Staff headquarters asked to negotiate
surrender. Three prosecutors later received the surrender of the troops,
while a series of other forces also surrendered.
In its first
statement following the coup attempt, the Turkish Armed Forces yesterday
praised the role of the Turkish people in stopping the plotters,
underlining that it will continue to be “at the service of the state and
the people.”
“The biggest role in preventing this treacherous
act belongs to our honorable people. These plotters belonging to the
illegal structure have been stopped and will be given the heaviest
penalty,” the military said in a written statement.
It said a
majority of the army and the police department firmly stood against the
coup plotters, which meant the attempt could be neutralized before
accomplishing its aim. It also noted that many members of the public
took to the streets to protect “the real members of the Turkish Armed
Forces” and to foil the coup, which it said would have dealt a serious
blow to Turkey’s democracy.